Class variables and Function Attributes

Class variables on the class that implements a Mathics3 Built-in Function are used to set various characteristics of the built-in function.

In fact we already saw one example in the last section where the class variable rules was used to create some Mathics3 Rules in the definition of the Hello function.

Suppose you want to create a Mathics3 variable that starts with a dollar sign ($) in accordance to the naming convention for many system variables.

To accomplish this you assign the desired string name to class variable name, and that will override the default name.

All Functions in Mathics3 have Attributes which specify certain properties in evaluation such as whether a nested invocations of a function are automatically flattened. (This is the Flat attribute).

Setting a built-in function’s attribute is done by setting the class variable name attributes.

Suppose we want to define a variable called $Hello and don’t want lock down the attributes of this variable so that the attributes cannot be modified.

This is done by setting the Locked attribute of in the definition, via the attributes class variable.

Here is and example of setting some class variables to alter the definition of a function:

from mathics.builtin.base import Predefined
from mathics.core.attributes import locked as A_LOCKED
from mathics.core.evaluation import Evaluation

class Hello(Predefined):
    attributes = A_LOCKED
    name = "$Hello"

    def evaluate(self, evaluation: Evaluation) -> String:
        return String("Hello, World!")

Here is a session that demonstrates the above code:

$ mathics

In[1]:= $Hello
Out[1]= Hello, World!

In[2]:= Unprotect[$Hello]
ClearAttributes::locked: Symbol $Hello is locked.
Out[2]= None

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• Emitting warnings